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Timely detection and treatment of water pollution from the step of water sampling and testing

2025年07月09日 15時08分00秒

In many residential areas, especially near industrial zones, stagnant ponds or areas with old water supply systems, people are starting to doubt the quality of the water source. Symptoms such as itchy skin, rashes when bathing, white residue after boiling water, or even water with a strange smell are gradually becoming serious topics today.

So how can you be sure that your family's water source is contaminated? Is the process of collecting data samples complicated? And if the results are not guaranteed, what should you do?

The following article will help you better understand how to collect samples for testing at home, the signs to watch out for, and appropriate solutions to protect the health of your whole family.

Signs that your water source may be contaminated

Many people often think that only when water has a bad smell or changes color, it is dirty water. In fact, there are many cases where the water is still clear and odorless, but when used, it causes dry skin, sore eyes, brittle hair or itching after bathing. 

Some signs that are easy to notice at home:

Water left overnight has a thin film or white residue at the bottom of the pot.

Stainless steel appliances such as faucets and sinks are prone to yellowing or residue.

When boiling water, the bottom of the kettle or pot has a layer of opaque white precipitate that is difficult to scrub clean.

Hands become dry and itchy when washing vegetables or dishes with tap water.

All of the above phenomena are warnings that the water source being used may be contaminated with iron, manganese, heavy metals or chemical residues. Determining the exact level of contamination and what components are causing the impact will require sampling and testing the water according to the correct procedure.

When should you get your water tested at home?

You don't always need to test your water, but there are some times or signs that testing is necessary and should be done early.

Here are some common situations:

Just moved to a new place, especially a house near an industrial park, landfill, wastewater treatment plant or an area with an old water system.

There are signs of doubt about the water quality: such as water with a strange smell, scum, sediment after a long time, or causing itchy skin, hair loss, rash when used for a long time.

Families with young children or people with underlying diseases need to use absolutely safe water in their daily activities.

Before installing a water filtration system or a faucet filter: Testing a water sample helps determine the correct type of filter to use, avoiding waste and choosing the wrong technology.

Criteria to test when suspecting water pollution

When water sources are suspected of being contaminated, it is necessary to conduct tests on important indicators to assess the safety level. First, basic parameters such as pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids and conductivity should be checked to assess the overall water quality. Next is the group of heavy metals such as lead, mercury, arsenic and cadmium, which often appear due to industrial influences or ground pollution.

If there is a risk of microbial contamination, Coliform and E. coli tests should be performed to determine fecal contamination. In agricultural areas, nitrate, nitrite and ammonium should be tested for fertilizer or pesticide residues. The selection of indicators should be based on the water source and specific abnormalities, helping to guide the correct treatment method and ensure safety for users.

Simple steps to take water samples for testing at home with Global Water FSS200

You can take a water sample yourself for testing if you suspect that your domestic water source is having problems with the following steps:

- 1. Prepare a suitable sampling tool

Use a clean 500ml plastic bottle that has been rinsed thoroughly if you are only doing a preliminary test.

However, in residential areas near sources of pollution such as landfills, industrial zones or old water treatment plants, you can consider using the Global Water FSS200 water sampler, which is a device distributed by EMIN that allows automatic sampling, accurate quantification and avoids cross-contamination between samples.

- 2. Take samples properly


Open the faucet or the place where the water needs to be tested, drain the water for about 2 minutes to clean the pipe.


If using the FSS200, just set the sampling schedule by hour or by event, which is very useful when needing to monitor water quality fluctuations by hour.


- 3. Record & preserve samples


Record information such as: date and time, location (well, faucet, tank), water type.


Close the lid tightly, store in the refrigerator, and bring it for testing within 24 hours.

Sau khi xét nghiệm nước xong, bạn nên làm gì tiếp theo

Kết quả xét nghiệm nước là cơ sở quan trọng để bạn đánh giá mức độ an toàn của nguồn nước mình đang sử dụng hằng ngày. Nhưng nhiều người sau khi có kết quả lại không biết nên tiếp tục xử lý thế nào cho đúng và hiệu quả.

1. Đọc hiểu kết quả một cách có chọn lọc

Bạn không cần hiểu hết mọi chỉ số kỹ thuật, mà chỉ cần tập trung vào các chỉ số ảnh hưởng trực tiếp đến sức khỏe như:

Độ pH (thường nên ở mức 6.5–8.5)

Chỉ số Coliform/E.coli (không được có mặt trong nước sinh hoạt)

TDS – Tổng lượng chất rắn hòa tan

Hàm lượng kim loại nặng như Asen, Chì, Sắt…

2. Tùy kết quả, chọn phương án xử lý phù hợp

Nếu kết quả ở mức an toàn: bạn vẫn nên kiểm tra định kỳ mỗi 6–12 tháng để phòng ngừa rủi ro.

Nếu nước bị nhiễm vi sinh, coliform: nên lắp hệ thống lọc diệt khuẩn, như đèn UV hoặc bộ lọc RO.

Nếu nhiễm phèn, kim loại nặng: cần cân nhắc bộ lọc đa tầng chuyên dụng, hoặc thay đổi nguồn nước nếu điều kiện cho phép.

3. Lưu trữ hồ sơ & chủ động kiểm tra định kỳ

 Việc giữ lại bản kết quả xét nghiệm và ghi chú nguồn lấy mẫu, thời điểm, các chỉ số vượt ngưỡng sẽ giúp bạn theo dõi xu hướng thay đổi chất lượng nước qua thời gian. Đây cũng là bằng chứng nếu cần kiến nghị cơ quan chức năng can thiệp ở khu dân cư.

4. Trang bị thiết bị giám sát tại nhà (nếu cần thiết)

Nếu bạn sống gần khu vực ô nhiễm hoặc đã từng có kết quả nước không đạt chuẩn, có thể chủ động trang bị thiết bị đo nhanh chất lượng nước tại nhà để kiểm tra định kỳ.

Một số sản phẩm phù hợp với hộ dân có thể tham khảo trên website emin.vn: như máy đo pH, TDS cầm tay, máy đo Clo dư,…

Kết luận

Nước sạch là điều kiện tiên quyết để đảm bảo sức khỏe cho cả gia đình. Nhưng nước trong không đồng nghĩa với an toàn. Vì vậy, việc xét nghiệm nguồn nước định kỳ và có phương án xử lý phù hợp sau xét nghiệm là điều bất kỳ ai cũng nên thực hiện, nhất là trong bối cảnh môi trường hiện nay đang ngày càng biến động.

Nếu bạn cần tìm thiết bị hỗ trợ cho việc kiểm tra chất lượng nước sinh hoạt, đừng ngần ngại tham khảo các dòng máy đo pH, đo Clo, đo TDS trên EMIN để chủ động kiểm soát chất lượng nước ngay tại nhà.

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